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Science

What the research actually showed

These are independent studies published in peer-reviewed journals about the ingredients we use. Every entry carries a PubMed ID — click it and you land on the original source and can check for yourself. None of these studies was run on RÝYTAS products.

17 peer-reviewed studies Every one with a PubMed link
3,690 study participants Counted only where the abstract states it
10 ingredients From lion's mane to ginkgo

How to read this page

“Randomised”

Participants are assigned to groups by chance. That makes the groups comparable, so a difference can be put down to the substance rather than to one group simply being healthier.

“Placebo-controlled”

Some participants get an inactive capsule. Without one you cannot separate the effect of the substance from expectation — and expectation works, strongly and genuinely.

“Double-blind”

Neither the participant nor the researcher knows who got what until the study ends. That guards against nudging the results, unconsciously, in the hoped-for direction.

Number of participants

A thirty-person study is a hint, not proof. A few thousand is a serious argument. That is why the number sits on every study here instead of being hidden.

“Mushrooms are not medicine. Some of these studies are small, some were run only in Japan or India, and one of the largest on the list — the ginkgo trial — came out negative. We put it in on purpose: a page with only good news isn't science, it's advertising.”

— Jonas, founder of RÝYTAS

Studies by ingredient

Lion's mane Studies: 4

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Improving effects of the mushroom Yamabushitake (Hericium erinaceus) on mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

Mori K. and colleagues, 2009, in Phytotherapy Research · Japan

Participants
30
Duration
16 wks
What was measured
Standard cognitive function scales

Participants aged 50–80 with mild cognitive impairment.

Source: PubMed 18844328
Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Reduction of depression and anxiety by 4 weeks Hericium erinaceus intake

Nagano M. and colleagues, 2010, in Biomedical Research · Japan

Participants
30
Duration
4 wks
What was measured
Mood and sleep-quality questionnaires

Thirty women; mood and sleep scales were assessed.

Source: PubMed 20834180
Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Improvement of cognitive functions by oral intake of Hericium erinaceus

Saitsu Y. and colleagues, 2019, in Biomedical Research · Japan

Participants
not stated in the abstract
Duration
12 wks
What was measured
Standard cognitive function scales

The abstract does not state the number of participants.

Source: PubMed 31413233
Randomised placebo-controlled pilot study

The Acute and Chronic Effects of Lion's Mane Mushroom Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Stress and Mood in Young Adults

Docherty S. and colleagues, 2023, in Nutrients · United Kingdom

Participants
not stated in the abstract
Duration
4 wks
What was measured
Cognitive tasks and mood questionnaires

A pilot study; the authors call their conclusions tentative.

Source: PubMed 38004235

Reishi Studies: 1

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study of a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract in neurasthenia

Tang W. and colleagues, 2005, in Journal of Medicinal Food · China

Participants
132
Duration
8 wks
What was measured
Fatigue and wellbeing scales

132 patients diagnosed with neurasthenia.

Source: PubMed 15857210

Ashwagandha Studies: 3

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults

Chandrasekhar K. and colleagues, 2012, in Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine · India

Participants
64
Duration
8 wks
What was measured
Stress questionnaires and blood cortisol
Source: PubMed 23439798
Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Adaptogenic and Anxiolytic Effects of Ashwagandha Root Extract in Healthy Adults: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Study

Salve J. and colleagues, 2019, in Cureus · India

Participants
58
Duration
8 wks
What was measured
Stress questionnaires and blood cortisol
Source: PubMed 32021735
Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Efficacy and Safety of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Root Extract in Insomnia and Anxiety: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study

Langade D. and colleagues, 2019, in Cureus · India

Participants
60
Duration
10 wks
What was measured
Sleep quality and anxiety scales
Source: PubMed 31728244

Shilajit Studies: 2

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Shilajit extract reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, and bone loss to dose-dependently preserve bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

Pingali U. and colleagues, 2022, in Phytomedicine · India

Participants
60
Duration
48 wks
What was measured
Bone density and oxidative-stress markers

60 post-menopausal women, aged 45–65.

Source: PubMed 35933897
Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Effects of 8 Weeks of Shilajit Supplementation on Serum Pro-c1α1, a Biomarker of Type 1 Collagen Synthesis

Neltner T.J. and colleagues, 2024, in Journal of Dietary Supplements · USA

Participants
not stated in the abstract
Duration
8 wks
What was measured
A blood marker of collagen synthesis

A blood marker was measured, not how people felt.

Source: PubMed 36546868

L-theanine Studies: 2

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Effects of L-Theanine Administration on Stress-Related Symptoms and Cognitive Functions in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Hidese S. and colleagues, 2019, in Nutrients · Japan

Participants
30
Duration
4 wks
What was measured
Stress-related symptoms and cognitive tasks

30 participants (9 men, 21 women), mean age 48.

Source: PubMed 31623400
Placebo-controlled crossover study

The effects of L-theanine, caffeine and their combination on cognition and mood

Haskell C.F. and colleagues, 2008, in Biological Psychology · United Kingdom

Participants
not stated in the abstract
What was measured
Cognitive tasks and mood questionnaires

Acute effects; a placebo-controlled crossover design.

Source: PubMed 18006208

Ginseng Studies: 1

Placebo-controlled crossover study

Panax ginseng (G115) improves aspects of working memory performance and subjective ratings of calmness in healthy young adults

Reay J.L. and colleagues, 2010, in Human Psychopharmacology · United Kingdom

Participants
30
Duration
1 wks
What was measured
Working-memory tasks

Thirty volunteers, mean age 22.9.

Source: PubMed 20737519

Cordyceps Studies: 1

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Cordyceps militaris Improves Tolerance to High-Intensity Exercise After Acute and Chronic Supplementation

Hirsch K.R. and colleagues, 2017, in Journal of Dietary Supplements · USA

Participants
28
Duration
3 wks
What was measured
Exercise tolerance and oxygen uptake

28 participants; VO2 and endurance were measured.

Source: PubMed 27408987

Shiitake Studies: 1

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Consuming Lentinula edodes (Shiitake) Mushrooms Daily Improves Human Immunity: A Randomized Dietary Intervention in Healthy Young Adults

Dai X. and colleagues, 2015, in Journal of the American College of Nutrition · USA

Participants
52
Duration
4 wks
What was measured
Immune-cell and inflammation markers

52 healthy participants, aged 21–41.

Source: PubMed 25866155

Maitake Studies: 1

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled

Maitake Mushroom (Grifola frondosa) Enhances Cognitive Function in Healthy Older Japanese

Jogi E.M. and colleagues, 2026, in Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology · Japan

Participants
47
Duration
18 wks
What was measured
Standard cognitive function scales

47 healthy participants aged 60 and over.

Source: PubMed 42055721

Ginkgo Studies: 1

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled Negative result

Ginkgo biloba for prevention of dementia: a randomized controlled trial

DeKosky S.T. and colleagues, 2008, in JAMA · USA

Participants
3,069
Duration
317 wks
What was measured
Dementia incidence over ~6 years

3,069 volunteers aged 75+, followed for ~6 years. Ginkgo did NOT reduce dementia incidence. Included on purpose.

Source: PubMed 19017911

What these studies do NOT prove

  • None of them was run on RÝYTAS products. They tested individual ingredients, often at different doses and in different extract forms than ours.
  • Most are small. A study of a few dozen people shows a direction; one such study proves nothing on its own.
  • Some were done in a narrow group — older Japanese adults only, or post-menopausal women only. The results do not automatically carry over to everyone.
  • The largest study on this page (ginkgo, 3,069 participants, JAMA) is negative: it did not reduce dementia incidence.

Compiled, and every PMID verified against PubMed, on 2 September 2026.